Process of cubing surface covering



Fatented Dec. 15, 1942 PROCESS OF CURING SURFACE COVERING MATERIALS Walter W. Durant, Old Greenwich, Conn., assignor to American Cyanamid Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Maine No Drawing. Application November 30, 1939, Serial No. 306,900

2 Claims.

This invention relates to the acceleration of the rate of curing or seasoning" of surface covering compositions such as floor covering compositions containing siccative binders, as well as to the improvement'in the alkali resistance of such compositions.

An object of this invention is to provide accelerators for surface covering compositions containing siccative binders which will cause such compositions to cure more rapidly. Another object of this invention is to improve the alkali resistance of surface covering compositions containing siccative binders.

These and other objects are attained by incorporating in a siccative composition which is to be used in a floor covering composition or other surface covering composition a guanamine, i. e. of the probable formula:

or the tautomeric forms thereof, wherein R, R1, ,Rz, R3, and R4 may be aliphatic, 'cycloaliphatic, aralkyl or aryl, or R1, R2, R3, and R4 may be hy-- drogen.

The following example is given by way of illus- -tration and not in limitation.

Example Parts by weight Binder Wood flour 30 Whiting 20 Lithop 20 A togimnamine .3

mixed and disintegrated and then calendered.

The material may be calendere zi on to burlap or other fibrous backing if desired. The sheeted material is placed in a stoving oven through which a current of heated air from about 70 C. to about 90 C. is circulated until the material is completely seasoned, i. e. untilthe sheet acquires the necessary degree of hardness.

The hardness may be measured by any of the methods generally employed in the manufacture of linoleum. See the Federal Stock Catalogue (U. S. Government Printing Oflice), section 4, part 5, pages LLL-L-351 et seq. and pages LLL-L361 et seq., for the method employed herein, The time required for seasoning a 2 mm. of sheet of the above composition is about seven to eight days. The resulting seasoned floor covering shows improved alkali resistance. One method of determining alkali resistance is to measure the depth in millimeters to which a l 5% solution of sodium hydroxide in water penetrates in one hour at a temperature of F. By this method the alkali resistance of the seasoned sheets is about 0.24 mm. penetration.

The seasoning speed of a 2 mm. sheet of the 0.28 mm. The marked improvement obtained with my composition is outstanding inasmuch as I have found it to be very difficult to improve the alkali resistance by even as little as 0.01 mm.

The binders may be derived from the drying oils and may be made in any convenient well-V known manner, such as the method described in British Patent 305,656 or the binders may comprise any of the various alkyd resins having siccative properties. seed oil is preferable for economic reasons but other siccative oils may be used such as, for example, menhaden or fish oil, tung oil, soy bean oil, perilla oil, oiticica oil, Scheiber oil, sunflower I seed oil, etc. The term siccative oil as used herei is intended to include not only the socalled drying oils but also the so-calied semidrying oils. Furthermore it is possible to use mixtures of siccative oils with other fatty oils of the non-drying type.

It may be preferable in the manufacture of linoleum to make use of so-called scrim-oil or shed oil either alone or fiuxed with rosin or other gums or resin and/or mixed with a proportion of the so-called mechanical oil. Either of these types of oils may be used singly if desired.

In the preparation of the siccative oil binders it is customary to use rosin in admixture'with the oil although other substances of the same type may be used, e. g., kauri gum, Congo gum, ester gum, abietic. acid and its esters, pimaric acid, etc.

For drying oil binders, linther siccative binders which may be used are the alkyd resins which have siccative properties. Among these, the drying oil modified reaction products of maleic or iumaric acid with terpenes and polyhydric alcohols are particularly desirable. Other alkyd resins which are modified with drying oils may be used such as the phthalicglyceride resins, the glycol-maleic resins, and

mixed resins such as the phthalic-iumaric-glycolglyceride resins.

Instead of wood flour and/or the whiting and lithopone used in the example, other fillers or pigments may be used. Examples of such fillers are: cork, cellulose pulp, asbestos, cottonwood tree pulp, walnut shell meal, glass fibers, foliated glass, etc. Among the pigments which may be used the following are included: lithopone, barytes, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, chromates, red lead, white lead, malachite green, chrome green, chrome yellow, Prussian blue, iron oxide, etc. Similarly dyes and lakes may be used if desirable.

It is generally preferable to use driers in the preparation 01 the binders. The drier is usually added to the binder during the oxidation process and if desirable additional drier may be added when the binder, fillers, etc., are mixed together. Suitable driers include the oil soluble salts such as the naphthenates, resinates and linoleates of cobalt, lead, manganese, zinc, and chromium. Only a small proportion of these driers based on the siccative oil content, is generally sufilcient, e. g. about 0.005-1%, although larger proportions may be used as expedient. Obviously various mixtures 01 driers may be used.

The term seasoning as applied to linoleum compositions indicates the process of curing by heating or equivalent treatment to polymerize and/or oxidize the composition to a stage wherein the floor covering is sufficiently hard and reasoaair though they may be added before or during the oxidation of the binder. If my accelerators are added before or during the oxidation they appear to inhibit somewhat the gelation of the Sierra-- tive binder. It is to be noted, however, that after gelation my accelerators speed up the curing of the siccative composition.

Obviously many modifications in the processes and compositions described above may be Without departing from th SI, rit scope oi the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a process of curing surface covering composition, including a siccative material selected from the group consisting oi drying oils and drying oil modified poiyhydric alcohol-polycarboxylic acid resins, the step which comprises adding to such a composition a auananiine.

2. In a process of curing a surface covering composition including a siccative material se lected from the group consisting of drying oils and drying oil modified polyhydric alcohol-polycarboxylic acid resins, the step which comprises adding to such a composition acetcguanamine.

WALTER 

